Product Details
Hedera Helix ( Common Ivy or Woodbind )
Mumbai
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Mumbai - India
Description :
Hedera helix L. is a very widely distributed plant in middle and north europe. It belongs to the genus Hedera, (Fam. Araliaceae), of which there are six different known species in Europe, north and east asia, the Canary Islands and north Africa.There are three varieties described of Hedera helix L.: Hedera helix var. helix, Hedera helix var.baltica and Hedera helix var. hibernica. But there are more than 60 cultivated gardenforms of Hedera helix L. with a big variety in color and shape of the leaves and in the expression of ornamental venation.
Description : Hedera helix L. is an evergreen, often climbing or creeping shrub, whos wooden aerial stems often attach by numerous adventitious roots to trees, rocks, walls and buildings. Through this the branching stem is able to climb up to 30 m in hight to reach climatically beneficial areas.The plant can reach 300 years of age and the stem 60 cm in diameter. The young shoots are densly covered with stellate to peltate hairs with with 6-22 rays and a diameter of about 0.2-0.4 mm. The leaves are dark green with a shiny gloss, often with paler or white veins. They appear in a dimorphic style: those leaves of the juvenile, non-flowering shoots are palmately 3-5 lobed and can measure upto15 cm x 15 cm, but usually much less (7-10 cm x7-10 cm). Those of the mature flowering shoots are narrowly elliptical to rhombical with an entire shape. The fertile, flowering shoots are often absent in shady or cold climates.The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetric with 5 yellowish-green petals(3-5 mm). In autumn they appear in sphereical umbels or panicels. The fertilization is done by flies and the fruits, black to orange-red berries with 3-5 seeds, ripen in the following springtime.
Chemistry : The leaves contain approximatly 5-8 % of saponins. This fraction is mainly composed of bisdesmosidic hederagenin-, oleanolic acid-, and bayogeninglycosides. Hederasaponins B to I are characterized.[4]The ratio between these Saponines is given in Table 1.[2] By far the main constituent is hederasaponin C (=hederacoside C) and its level of content varies depending on the season, between 5 and 7% of the saponine fraction. Through fermentation or basic hydrolysis one get alpha-Hederin, the monodesmosidic derivative of hederacosid C. Additionally phenolic compounds were found in Ivy leaves. The composition of this fraction depends on the functional state of the plant. The leaves of the juvenile shoots contain rutoside (=rutine = quercetin-3-rhamnoglucoside). During its transition to the mature state, k?mpferol-3-rhamnoglucoside additionally appears in the flavonoid spectrum. Furthermore, in the phenolic fraction chlorogenic acid, coffeeacid and scopoline (=7-Hydroxy-6-methoxycumaringlucoside) have been found.[5]
Ivy contains a small fraction of water destillable components, mainly methylethylketone, methylisobutylketone, capronaldehyde, trans-2-hexenal, trans-2-hexenol, furfurole, maltol as well as the sesquiterpenes germacren B and beta-elemen.[6]
Small amounts of polyalkynes as falcarinon (approx.:0,05%), falcarinol (approx. 0,03%), 11,12-dehydrofalcarinol (approx. 0,005%) and didehydrofalcarinol (approx. 0,0025%) were detected in the Ivy leaves.
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